Problem:
A view's taxonomy filter does not display some terms until the user adds more than one post to the term.
Solution:
The view displays the media files, which do not have the status set to publish. In that case, Toolset will search for their parent post status. And the status should be "publish" or "private".
The terms that the user talks about were including only one post, and that post did not have the status "publish" or "private" and it did not have a parent post either.
The media files need to be attached to a post, or the view needs to query media files in all statuses.