Ermm, I'm not sure we are still talking about the same thing as the opening question about marking certain taxonomy terms as featured.
Regarding accepting payment in cc from certain banks and accepting wire transfers from certain banks, which each business can set, and then being able to filter businesses by whether they accept cc's from a certain bank, or accept wire transfers from a certain bank...
Well. Recall that to be able to filter one thing by some property, that property needs to be a property of the thing you want to filter. (We don't yet support filtering by fields of related posts, we only support filtering by own fields, including taxonomies.)
If you are using a taxonomy for banks, you can't somehow edit a business post and have the term for one bank serve two purposes, to indicate that cc's are accepted from that bank, and/or that wire transfers are accepted from that bank.
You would need two taxonomies. One for "accepts bank cc" and another for "accepts bank transfer", even though the terms (banks) would basically be duplicated, they serve different purposes, that's just how they work.
However, maybe relationships can come to the rescue. You can create more than one relationship between the same post types.
You can create a bank post type, with 27 bank posts and fields for their logo etc.
You can then create one relationship between banks (parent) and businesses (child) for "accepts cc" and then create another relationship which is essentially the same but for "accepts transfers".
Then on an individual post you can separately assign banks for "accepts cc" and/or "accepts transfer", without the duplication required if using taxonomies.