Hello Nicola,
Thank you for sharing the View code. We set up your position-tracking-test View on a test site with Toolset Maps 2.4.0 and saw the same behavior. Both things you describe are expected in 2.4.0, and your View itself still works: it returns N until the visitor allows the location, and Y after that.
What changed in Toolset Maps 2.4.0:
"Offer visitors the location features" (Toolset > Settings > Maps > Visitor location) is a new site-wide switch, on by default. When it's off, the site never asks visitors for their location, so the browser prompt never appears and your View always returns N. You should always keep it on.
When it's on and the visitor hasn't shared a location yet, [wpv-geolocation] shows its message together with a "Share my location" button. The browser asks for the location at the same moment, as before.
The button isn't a second consent. It sends the same browser request again, for visitors who closed the prompt without answering. The browser prompt is the only permission the visitor gives.
After the visitor allows, the location is kept in a session cookie until the browser closes, and the page reloads once to show the content.
To show only the browser prompt, add this CSS, for example in Appearance > Customize > Additional CSS:
.toolset-maps-location-request { display: none; }
We tested it: the button disappears, the browser prompt still appears on page load, and your View still switches from N to Y after the visitor allows. Without the button, if a visitor closes the prompt, the page asks again the next time it loads.
One more detail: the box in your screenshot shows the default text "Your location is needed to show...", not your "N". So it comes from another element on that page that needs the visitor's location, for example a View filtered or sorted by distance from the visitor. The CSS above removes the button there too.
Can you try it and let me know how it goes?