Tell us whIn the backend I have a "article field group" where I entered a file upload.
Is there a function that allows you to automatically delete the attached file in the front-end after 15 days?
There isn't such a feature available, and to implement something like this would require quite a bit of custom coding.
If you are knowledgeable about PHP then we can give you some pointers as to how you might add such a feature, though we cannot code it for you. If you are not then you would need to recruit a developer to do that for you. You can find developers who know Toolset well on our contractors page: https://toolset.com/contractors/
If you are handy with PHP and want to try it yourself, let us know and we can point you in the right direction.